The frontier of neural regeneration therapy.

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  • 神経再生の最前線

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Generally, organs of various animals show regenerative capacity after injury. Tissue stem cells in individual organs produce new cells and replace the cells lost due to the tissue damages. For example, tissue damages such as bone-fractures or incised wounds could be recovered due to their endogenous regenerative capacity. However, some organs including central nervous system (CNS) have extremely low regenerative capacity. In fact, there are many patients suffering from serious defects after spinal cord injury or stroke. On the other hand, there is an increasing hope for stem cell research and regenerative medicine which could potentially improve this devastating situation. In the past 10 years, we demonstrated that the transplantation of NSCs are effective for the recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI) at the pre-clinical level. In its further development, we are currently developing a cell therapy for SCI using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells-derived neural stem cells (NSCs). In addition to the iPS cell technology, we recently developed “direct induction method”by which we are able to obtain NSCs from fibroblasts without mediating the iPSCs. In this review, we introduce the current knowledge and future prospect on the iPStechnologies, and “direct induction method”aimed for the regenerative medicine for CNS disorders.

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