Cerebral cortex and hippocampus respond differently after post-natal exposure to uranium

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  • Lestaevel Philippe
    Institut de RadioProtection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Pôle de la Radioprotection de l’Homme, Service de Radiobiologie et d’Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie Expérimentale
  • Bensoussan Hélène
    Institut de RadioProtection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Pôle de la Radioprotection de l’Homme, Service de Radiobiologie et d’Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie Expérimentale
  • Dhieux Bernadette
    Institut de RadioProtection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Pôle de la Radioprotection de l’Homme, Service de Radiobiologie et d’Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie Expérimentale
  • Delissen Olivia
    Institut de RadioProtection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Pôle de la Radioprotection de l’Homme, Service de Radiobiologie et d’Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie Expérimentale
  • Vacher Claire-Marie
    Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, UMR 1197 INRA/Université Paris XI
  • Dublineau Isabelle
    Institut de RadioProtection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Pôle de la Radioprotection de l’Homme, Service de Radiobiologie et d’Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie Expérimentale
  • Voisin Philippe
    Institut de RadioProtection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Pôle de la Radioprotection de l’Homme, Service de Radiobiologie et d’Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de Radiotoxicologie Expérimentale
  • Taouis Mohammed
    Laboratoire de Neuroendocrinologie Moléculaire de la Prise Alimentaire, UMR 1197 INRA/Université Paris XI

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The central nervous system (CNS) is known to be sensitive to pollutants during its development. Uranium (U) is a heavy metal that occurs naturally in the environment as a component of the earth’s crust, and populations may therefore be chronically exposed to U through drinking water and food. Previous studies have shown that the CNS is a target of U in rats exposed in adulthood. We assessed the effects of U on behavior and cholinergic system of rats exposed from birth for 10 weeks at 10 mg.L-1 or 40 mg.L-1. For behavioral analysis, the sleep/wake cycle (recorded by telemetry), the object recognition memory and the spatial working memory (Y-maze) were evaluated. Acetylcholine (ACh) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels were evaluated in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. At 40 mg.L-1, U exposure impaired object recognition memory (-20%), but neither spatial working memory nor the sleep/wake cycle was impaired. A significant decrease was observed in both the ACh concentration (-14%) and AChE activity (-14%) in the entorhinal cortex, but not in the hippocampus. Any significant effect on behaviour and cholinergic system was observed at 10 mg U.L-1. These results demonstrate that early exposure to U during postnatal life induces a structure cerebral-dependant cholinergic response and modifies such memory process in rats. This exposure to U early in life could have potential delayed effects in adulthood.

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