A Case of Scratched Infection by <i>Capnocytophaga canimorsus</i> Diagnosed Early with Microscopic Peripheral Blood Smear Examination

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  • KAJIKAWA Hiroko
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • IKEDA Mitsuyasu
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • YAMAKAWA Rina
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • TOMARU Kaori
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • IKEBE Kouji
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • YAMAMOTO Kayoko
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • SASATANI Manani
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • MIZUNO Seishi
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • FUJII Takashi
    Depts. of Clinical Research and Laboratory, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • SAKURAYA Masaaki
    Emergency Service/Intensive Care Unit, JA Hiroshima General Hospital
  • YOSHIDA Kenichi
    Emergency Service/Intensive Care Unit, JA Hiroshima General Hospital

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Other Title
  • 末梢血液鏡検を契機として早期診断に至った<i>Capnocytophaga canimorsus</i>による掻傷感染症の１例
  • 症例報告 末梢血液鏡検を契機として早期診断に至ったCapnocytophaga canimorsuによる掻傷感染症の1例
  • ショウレイ ホウコク マッショウ ケツエキキョウケン オ ケイキ ト シテ ソウキ シンダン ニ イタッタ Capnocytophaga canimorsu ニ ヨル ソウショウ カンセンショウ ノ 1レイ

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Abstract

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a spindle-shaped facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rod in the oral cavity of dogs and cats. C. canimorsus rarely infects humans through an animal bite or scratch. However, it leads to severe sepsis once infection occurs, and the fatality rate is estimated to be up to 30%. The patient was a 56-year-old man with fatigue and fever. Sepsis with thrombocytopenia was suspected from the blood examination results. We decided to conduct microscopic examination of a non-stained peripheral blood smear and identified bacteria; therefore, Gram stain was immediately performed and spindle-shaped Gram-negative bacilli were detected. Additionally, the patient had a history of a bite and scratch by his cat. We suspected C. canimorsus infection from the microscopic examination findings and history. Moreover, we determined early that the pathogenic bacterium was C. canimorsus by blood culture. With immediate and proper treatment based on these results, we could rescue this septic patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Microscopic examination of non-stained peripheral blood smear is helpful for the early diagnosis of C. canimorsus infection.

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