Relationship between the number of <i>Dermatophagoides</i> mites and the quantity of their allergens

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  • HASHIMOTO Tomoyuki
    Environmental Biology Department, Japan Environmental Sanitation Center
  • KOIZUMI Tomoko
    Environmental Biology Department, Japan Environmental Sanitation Center
  • MINAGAWA Keiko
    Environmental Biology Department, Japan Environmental Sanitation Center
  • KAZUMA Tohru
    Environmental Biology Department, Japan Environmental Sanitation Center
  • MUTO Atsuhiko
    Environmental Biology Department, Japan Environmental Sanitation Center
  • EGUCHI Hidenori
    Research & Development Department, R&D and Technical Division.
  • MATSUNAGA Tadahiro
    Research & Development Department, R&D and Technical Division.

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Other Title
  • ヒョウヒダニ類の数とアレルゲンの量的関係
  • Relationship between the number of Dermatophagoides mites and the quantity of their allergens

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Abstract

Quantities of house dust mite allergens, Der 1 and Der 2, extracted from artificially-reared Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes (Df) were compared. Relationships among the allergen levels, numbers of mites (1-1,000 mites), and life stages (adult females and larvae) were analyzed. The mite samples were prepared with or without grinding. The adult females of D. pteronyssinus (Trouessart) (Dp) were also examined after grinding. The quantities of Der 1 and Der 2 were determined by ELISA using monoclonal antibodies. Overall, the allergen quantities increased depending on the numbers of mites. The Der 1 levels of 100 mites calculated were 34.6 (Df larvae) to 304 (Dp females) ng. The Der 2 levels per 100 mites were also equivalent to 85.2 (Df larvae) to 758 (Dp females) ng. The ratio of Der 1 : Der 2 was 1 : 0.95-2.65. The Df females showed significantly higher levels of allergens than the larvae. The Dp females yielded larger amounts of Der 2 than Df females, but the differences in Der 1 were not significant. The commercialized test kits to inspect mite infestation detect Der 2. There is not a standard of Der 2 for allergen avoidance, so determination of Der 2 standard is required.

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