Effects of Various Duckweed Species on Phenol Degradation in Environmental Waters

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  • LI YAN
    Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
  • TOYAMA TADASHI
    Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
  • TANAKA YASUHIRO
    Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
  • TANG YUEQIN
    College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University
  • WU XIAOLEI
    Peking University College of Engineering
  • MORI KAZUHIRO
    Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi

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  • 環境水中でのフェノール分解に及ぼす各種ウキクサの影響

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Abstract

We investigated the effects of the presence of four duckweeds, Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor, Lemna aequinoctialis, and Wolffia arrhiza, on phenol removal from environmental waters. Phenol was more rapidly removed from water with duckweeds than without duckweeds. In contrast, phenol concentrations did not decrease in autoclaved Hoagland solutions with sterilized duckweeds. These results indicated that all the duckweeds could mediate the acceleration of phenol removal from water and that the acceleration was not caused by phenol uptake by the duckweeds. S. polyrhiza and W. arrhiza were associated with the greatest acceleration of phenol removal. A variety of phenol-degrading bacteria, including Pseudomonas spp., Delftia spp., Azospirillum spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Zoogloea spp., were isolated from S. polyrhiza and W. arrhiza. Extracts from the duckweed plants promoted the cell growth and/or rate of phenol degradation by the bacterial isolates. These results suggest that duckweeds can provide a habitat for phenol-degrading bacteria, stimulate their growth, and enhance their phenol-degradation activity. The results of this study have helped to identify duckweed species best suited for treatment of phenol-polluted waters.

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