気道アレルギー

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Mechanisms in Air Way Allergy
  • キドウ アレルギー ハッショウ キジョ
  • 発症機序

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説明

The mechanisms in airway allergy is generally considered, without any actual evidences, to include several processes. Allergen particles, after reaching the overlying mucus blanket of the mucus membrane of the air way, give a soluble fraction in the liquid phase and in this form easily penetrate the subepithelial layer and then induce allergic manifestation.<br>Previous studies conducted to establish experimental proof of this process have revealed the important role of allergic reaction in the mucus blanket acting as a trigger to produce the manifestation. This paper summarizes the results of these studies.<br>Allergic manifestation may take place in two steps. Soluble allergenic substance is eluted from allergen particle making a chemical mediator release from the basophilic cells in the mucus blanket, and the mediator released may be absorbed and thence stimulates the receptors close to the basement membrane of the epithelial layer in the nose, or both in the interepithelial space and beneath the basement membrane in the lower air way. This stimulation results in production of sneezing and secretion in the nose and bronchoconstriction, cough and secretion in the tracheobronchus through the nervous pathway of reflex. Subsquently a minute amount of allergenic substance enters into the subepithelial layer and makes mast cell degranulation and mediator released may act directly upon the secretory gland and vessels in the air way, that in addition, upon the bronchial muscles in the lower air way, and then results in the increases of swelling of the nasal or bronchial mucus membrane due to circulatory disorder and hyperaction of the gland and bronchoconstriction in the lower air way.

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