制約論から見た洞察問題解決における個人差

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  • Constraint-based approach to individual differences in insight problem-solving.
  • セイヤクロン カラ ミタ ドウサツ モンダイ カイケツ ニ オケル コジンサ

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In this study, we explored individual differences in insight problem-solving. According to the dynamic constraint relaxation theory (Hiraki & Suzuki, 1998), there are three sources of individual differences in insight problemsolving: the initial strengths of constraints, the evaluation of problem-solving attempts, and the learning rate that updates the strength value of each constraint. In order to validate the theory's predictions, we compared the subjects who could solve a geometric insight problem within 10 minutes with those who could not. A microscopic analysis of the solution processes and rating task revealed that the initial strengths of the constraints and the adequacy of evaluation are different between the two, but their learning rates are not. These results suggest that insightful problem-solvers try non-standard attempts more often even in the initial phase of their problem-solving and evaluate their attempts more precisely. The results were discussed in contrast with other approaches to insight.

収録刊行物

  • 心理学研究

    心理学研究 74 (4), 336-345, 2003

    公益社団法人 日本心理学会

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