DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY ON THE FIGURE-RECOGNITION: I

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  • 図形認知の発達的研究 I
  • ズケイ ニンチ ノ ハッタツテキ ケンキュウ 1 ドウイツシ ニ ツイテ
  • THROUGH COMPARISON OF IDENTIFICATION
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The present study was planned on the basis of the exprimental results of the comparison of similarity of figures which change indirection and arrangement of elements in the previous paper (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10, 11). The purpose of the present study is an inquiry into the development of figure-recognition by proving the results of the comparison of similarity of figures through the analysis of the developmental curve of exact perception in the experimental situation of figure-identification and also of errors made in it.<br>Two sets of figures used in the present experiment consits of the correct figure added to the figures used in the previous experiments (6, 9). Each set consists of a standard figure and seven elective figures. In the choice method, the subject was asked to select out of the latter the one which is the same as the former. In the recognition method, the former was first presented to the subject for ten second, and after its removal the latter was then presented. The subject was asked to select from the latter the one which is the same as the former. The number of subjects ranging in age from 3-4 to 13-14 years was 1276.<br>The results were as follows:<br>(1) In the developmental curve of exact perception in experimental situation of figure-identification, the critical period shifting to the adult level was found at about 8-9 years, and nearly 100% exactness was achieved at about 13-14 years. These ages coincide with those of operational level at the first and third stages in comparison of similarity of figures.<br>(2) By analyzing the errors, we found whole-framework perception done in groups of children, 5-6 and 4-5 years of age, whereas simple-framework-perception done in a group of 3-4 year-old children. We can then say that children step from simple-framework-perception into whole-framework-perception of figures around the period of 4-5 years.

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