Taxonomic revision of Cyrtophora spiders hitherto identified with C. moluccensis from Taiwan and Japan, using molecular and morphological data

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  • Tanikawa Akio
    Laboratory of Biodiversity Science, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
  • Chang Yung-Hau
    Hua Hsing High School
  • Tso I-Min
    Department of Life Science, Tunghai University

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  • Taxonomic revision of Taiwanese and Japanese <I>Cyrtophora</I> spiders hitherto identified with <I>C</I>. <I>moluccensis</I> (Arachnida: Araneae), using molecular and morphological data

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The Taiwanese and Japanese spiders which have been identified with Cyrtophora moluccensis (Doreshall 1857) are taxonomically revised. Three color morphs, yellow-, green-, and red-types, show their own discrete monophyletic clades in the phylogenetic tree inferred by Neighbor Joining method using the partial sequences of mt-16S-rRNA genes. P-distances within group means are 0.2% in the yellow-type, 0.1% in the green-type, and 0% in the red-type. P-distances between group means are 18.8% between yellow- and green-types, 19.4% between yellow- and red-types, 10% between green- and red-types. These three color morphs can be separated also by the shapes of epigynum and male palp. Consequently we recognize them as three independent nominal species and determined the yellow-type as C. cylindroides (Walckenaer 1842), the green-type as C. moluccensis (Doleschall 1857), and the red-type as C. ikomosanensis (Bösenberg & Strand 1906).

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