Differences in Rheological Properties of Solutions of Plant and Bacterial Cellulose in LiCl/N,N-Dimethylacetamide

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  • Tamai Nobutake
    Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
  • Aono Hajime
    Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
  • Tatsumi Daisuke
    Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
  • Matsumoto Takayoshi
    Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University

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Differences in molecular properties of celluloses from different biological origins were investigated chiefly in terms of the rheological properties of their solutions in 8 wt % LiCl/N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Cotton linter (CC) and dissolving pulp (DP) were used as cellulose samples derived from plant, and a cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum was also used as a bacterial cellulose (BC). For the three kinds of cellulose solutions, the values of η0 − ηs (η0: zero shear rate viscosity of solution, ηs: solvent viscosity) were in proportion to the weight fraction of polymer, φw, in the dilute region. On the other hand, they were in proportion to φw4 for the CC and the DP solutions and φw3 for the BC solution in the semidilute or concentrated region. This φw-dependence of η0 − ηs shows that CC and DP, celluloses from plants, behave as a flexible polymer and that BC behaves as a rodlike polymer, according to several molecular theories. Plateau modulus, GN, was in proportion to φw2 for the CC solution, signifying that network structure by entanglement was formed in the CC solution, as is often observed for solutions of flexible synthetic polymers. On the other hand, the concentrated solution of BC showed the typical small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) profile of two-phase systems, which can be well approximated by Debye-Bueche equation. This fact indicates that the structure of the BC solution apparently differs from the network structure.

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