Studies on Japanese Encephalitis in Hyogo Prefecture in the Recent Three Years

Forty-nine specimens of cerebrospinal fluid were obtained from the cases, which were reported from 1953 to 1955 with the clinical diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis. The specimens were submitted to necessary tests, the results were evaluated in reference to the day of disease and correlated to the complement fixation reaction of the respective patient's serum.<BR>The patients were classified into 3 groups according to the results of the complement fixation test. Group A represented serologically confirmed encephalitis cases with an elevation of antibody titers in the course of the disease. In group B the complement fixation reaction was negative at the initial stage of disease, and a further blood sample was not available for some reasons, but the diagnosis was supported by ample evidences in clinical symptoms, outcome of patients or autopsy findings. Group C was characterized by a constantly negative complement fixation reaction, not only at the initial stage, but also at the repeated blood examinations with 7 to 10 days' intervals. The serological reaction was, theref ore, not contributory to the diagnosis in this group.<BR>The findings of cerebrospinal fluid in group A on the first 5 days of disease were as follows:<BR>1) Appearace: waterly clear4l.0% waterly clear, but with the Tyndall phenomenonss. 3% waterly clear, but with fibrin flocculation when lei t to standl6.6% waterly clear, but with the Tyndall phenomenon and fibrin flocculation8.0%<BR>2) Cells: maximum count 407/3 minimum count4s/3 They consisted mainly of lymphocytes.<BR>3) Total protein maximum value4o mg/dl minimum valueio mg/di<BR>4) Globulin reaction: Pandy reaction-l-Nonne-Apelt reaction-73% 9% 18%<BR>5) Sugar: maximum valueioo mgidl minimum valueio mg/dl<BR>6) Komagome reaction: potassium permanganate reaction + - Nile blue reaction+ -- 83.3% 16.6% 0%<BR>7) a-Naphtol reaction: positiveii% negative2s%<BR>8) Acetone bodies: maximum value8 mg/di minimum value4 mg/dl<BR>9) Tryptophan reaction: negative in all cases