アムステルダムにおける商品別専門商の成長 1580〜1750年 : 近世オランダの流通構造の一断面

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  • The early modern Dutch distribution system : the growth of specialised merchants in Amsterdam 1580〜1750
  • アムステルダム ニ オケル ショウヒン ベツ センモンショウ ノ セイチョウ 1580 1750ネン キンセイ オランダ ノ リュウツウ コウゾウ ノ イチ ダンメン

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This paper aims to clarify the development of the distribution system in the Netherlands of the early modern period, when Amsterdam functioned as the world staple market. Historians have tended to draw a line between the international wholesale and local retail sections, giving most attention to the former. However, the overall workings of the distribution system cannot be understood without considering the development of inland distribution. It was from this perspective that I used contemporary sources to investigate the increasing differentiation among merchants. In the period 1580〜1750, the most remarkable development was the growth of a middle layer of merchants who earned less than international traders but more than local retail traders. Most of these merchants specialised in one commodity, and this was reflected in occupational names with goods-specification such as 'wijn-koper' (wine merchant). I assume that these merchants specialised out of a need to adjust in line with other multi-faced distributive channels. This process should be distinguished as 'specification'. Even though they only sold one commodity, they were able to achieve a relatively high income through selling to both merchants and individual consumers inside and outside the city, multi-directionally and multi-functionally. The availability of an inland waterway system supported this growth. The distribution system formed as a result was quite different from that of England.

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