日本における石炭独占組織の成立

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • The Japanese Coal Mining Cartels in the 1920's
  • ニホン ニ オケル セキタン ドクセン ソシキ ノ セイリツ

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説明

The purpose of this paper is to make clear the formative process of the Japanese coal mining monopoly through the analysis of coal cartels' activities in the 1920's. Japanese coal mining before World War I was one of the key industries which supported the development of the Japanese capitalism as the export industry and the main industrial base of zaibatsu. The coal market in this period had the relative stable structure, which was based on the high production concentration led by the enterprises affiliated to zaibatsu. Having lost her competitive position in overseas markets after World War I, the Japanese coal mining became the domestic demand-oriented industry. Moreover, the domestic coal market got to be more competitive because of the increase of new entries and the import of Fushun coal. Consequently the prices of coal and the earning ratio continued to be at the low level. In order to overcome such difficulties coal mining enterprises restrained the competition by means of forming various cartels such as Sekitan Kogyo Rengokai (Coal Mining Federation) in the 1920's. Therefore this paper intends to make clear how the cartels functioned as the monopolistic organization through the analysis of the activities of coal cartels in the 1920's. Sekitan Rengokai formed in Oct., 1921 could not necessarily control the shipment of coals as late as around 1924-25, because the quantity of shipment to be fixed expanded extremely through the negotiation of member enterprises in the cartels and Fushun coal invaded into the domestic market. Concluding a quantitative import agreement concerning Fushun coal with Minami Manshu (South Manchuria) Railway Co., Ltd. in Sep., 1924, Sekitan Rengokai adopted the strict code on the shipment of coals and laid down regulations on sanctions in Nov., 1925. Consequently Sekitan Rengokai could control the shipment of coals. Moreover, cooperating with the other predominant coal dealers in 1925-26, Mitsui & Co., Ltd. and Mitsubishi Corporation formed cartels for the sale of coals in various places in Japan. As a result of the advance of control over both the shipment and the sale of coals the cartels achieved control over the domestic market and prices of coals. This achievement meant the formation of the coal mining monopoly in Japan.

収録刊行物

  • 社会経済史学

    社会経済史学 50 (4), 445-471,530-52, 1985

    社会経済史学会

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