戸田海市の日本産業論

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  • An Analysis of the Japanese Industry by Kaiichi Toda
  • トダカイシ ノ ニホン サンギョウロン

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Kaiichi Toda, professor at the Kyoto Imperial University during 1906-1924, is now a forgotten scholar, his opinions being seldom introduced, even though his analysis of the Japanese economy was famous among the intellectuals from the end of the Meiji era to the first half of the Taisho. His main view on the Japanese industrial structure and policy may be summarized as follows : 1) With respect to one of the chief problems of economic policy in the Meiji era, namely, whether Japan should be founded on the basis of agriculture or commerce and industry, Toda concluded that in Japan agriculture would maintain its importance in the future as long as the people continue eating rice harvested merely in Japan and Korea. Accordingly, he thought, agriculture would coexist with commerce and industry. From the viewpoint of economic policy, however, Toda asserted that the Japanese should exploit such areas in the world as were suitable to rice-cultivation. 2) The progress of the Japanese industry during the past twenty years had been limited to those industries which imitated the Western industry. But in the future Japan must revolutionize indigenous industries. 3) In this country it would be impossible for heavy and chemical industries to make a remarkable growth, because of the lack of natural resources, such as iron, coal and salt. The bright future of the Japanese industry should be sought in the development of cotton manufacture : manufacturing goods of superior quality instead of goods of inferior quality, finished goods instead of half finished goods. 4) In short Toda wanted to promote improvement trade for the sake of Japan's economic expansion, and so he advocated peace diplomacy and open-door principle.

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