Endothelial Function in Children and Adolescents Is Mainly Influenced by Age, Sex and Physical Activity　― An Analysis of Reactive Hyperemic Peripheral Artery Tonometry ―

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  • Mueller Ulrike M.
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center
  • Walther Claudia
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart Center
  • Adam Jennifer
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center
  • Fikenzer Kati
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center
  • Erbs Sandra
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center
  • Mende Meinhard
    Clinical Trial Center, University Leipzig
  • Adams Volker
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center
  • Linke Axel
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center
  • Schuler Gerhard
    Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig - Heart Center

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Description

<p>Background:As adolescents rarely experience cardiovascular events, surrogate markers of atherosclerosis are useful to justify and monitor effects of primary prevention and therapy of risk factors. Endothelial function assessed by reactive hyperemic peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) resulting in a reactive hyperemic index (RHI) is a noninvasive method with limited data for use in children and adolescents.</p><p>Methods and Results:We performed a total of 931 RHI measurements in 445 high-school students, aged 10–17 years, over a time period of 5 years. Students were randomized by class to 60 min physical exercise (PE) at school daily (intervention group), or 2 units of 45-min PE weekly (control group). To characterize the factors influencing the RHI, anthropometry, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, blood cholesterol and quality of life were assessed and used to build mixed linear models. Main influential factors were age, with an increase of RHI from 1.53±0.42 in the youngest to 1.96±0.59 in the oldest students, sex, with higher values in girls, and physical activity. This increase adjusted by age and sex was estimated as 0.11 [0.08, 0.14] per year. RHI was higher in the intervention group by 0.09 [−0.05, 0.23] in comparison with the control group.</p><p>Conclusions:If RH-PAT is used in research or as a clinical tool in adolescents, the shown age- and sex-dependence of RHI have to be taken in account.</p>

Journal

  • Circulation Journal

    Circulation Journal 81 (5), 717-725, 2017

    The Japanese Circulation Society

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