Institutions, Customs, Evolution, and Industrial Geography : A Review of Industrial Geography and Neighboring Disciplines in the 1990s

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  • 制度・慣習・進化と産業地理学 : 90年代の英語圏の地理学と隣接分野の動向から
  • 制度・習慣・進化と産業地理学--90年代の英語圏の地理学と隣接分野の動向から
  • セイド シュウカン シンカ ト サンギョウ チリガク 90ネンダイ ノ エイゴケン ノ チリガク ト リンセツ ブンヤ ノ ドウコウ カラ

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Abstract

While 'globalization'has become a catchphrase in the 1990s, recent studies on industrial geography in English-speaking countries have stressed the significance of local industrial districts. The characteristic of these studies is to consider industrial districts in the view of socio-cultural context(i.e.institutions, customs, convention, and social norms). These studies are influenced by non-neoclassical economics and sociology, that is, institutional economics, evolutionary economics, economic sociology and regulation theory. The author, in this paper, reviewed contemporary studies in industrial geography and these neighboring disciplines. A review of these studies leads us to several concluding remarks described below : 1.We need to recognize the importance of the variety and complexity of territorial institution, conventions and customs, which are critical to innovative and learning capability. The focus on networks of interpersonal and inter-firm relationships matters in the analysis of industrial districts. 2.An evolutionary perspective, which claims that economic activities are dynamic and characterized by path-dependency, provides useful insight to industrial geography. 3.Local industrial districts must be considered in the context of globalization. It is important to stress the significance of locality, but we should not neglect the global inter-and intra-firm networks of transnational corporations. 4.We should recognize spatial nestedness, which means economic activities must be coordinated at the various levels : local, regional, national, continental and global level. We must focus on these intertwined and interacting levels of institutions and customs.

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