The Problems and Expectations of Regional Development in Hilly-Mountainous Region and Correspondence of Rural Settlements(<Special Issue>Reorganization and their Problems of Japanese Regional Economies in the Low Fertility and Aging Society)

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  • 中山間地域における地域問題と集落の対応(<特集>少子高齢化時代の地域再編と課題)
  • 大会報告論文 中山間地域における地域問題と集落の対応
  • タイカイ ホウコク ロンブン チュウサンカン チイキ ニ オケル チイキ モンダイ ト シュウラク ノ タイオウ

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The regional problems in the hilly-mountainous region face a new phase today. Because it rushed into the population decrease society that continuously decreases the overall population in Japan. Especially, new movement corresponding to progress and further of depopulation and aging are seen in the settlements that are a minimum regional unit in the hilly-mountainous region. The purpose of this paper is to consider structural correspondence of such settlements from the aspects of "Defense" and "Attack". First of all, it was confirmed that the situation was further severe in the remote mountainous settlements when seeing for the progress of depopulation and aging. The settlements where the successor was hardly seen in the settlements that were called limit settlements in less than 20 number of houses households especially every 50% or more of the ratio of senior citizens were seen. The possibility of these settlements of disappearing because the successor's return cannot be expected is high. Moreover, the expansion of the abandoned cultivated land by aging was strongly seen about the farmland. Because this is supplemented, the Japanese decoupling system of hilly-mountainous region is little the connection of the agreement to exceed the settlements though is directly corresponded like payment system. This is because a strong regional unit of village in the hilly-mountainous region have trouble. The obstruction of such a settlement can be pointed out from respect of the community. On the other hand, a flexible correspondence example by the resident autonomy organization composed of two or more settlements was seen. It is also effective as choice to accept I-turn to maintain the settling down population. Thus, the element of some "Attack" can be found. However, the trend of depopulation and aging cannot be basically held off. The phenomenon of the settlement's disappearing is seen in the hilly-mountainous region. Then, "Evacuation of Settlement" is advocated. "Evacuation of Settlement" means the withdrawal of the village in order. Such an idea is also necessary to solve regional problems in the hilly-mountainous region.

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