ドイツ帝国創建と在華ドイツ人管理・管轄問題 : 朝鮮南延君陵墓盗掘事件への対応を中心に

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タイトル別名
  • The founding of German Empire and the issue of jurisdiction over German residents of China : The case of the Oppert Adventure
  • ドイツ テイコク ソウケン ト ザイカ ドイツジン カンリ カンカツ モンダイ チョウセン ナンエン クン リョウボ トウクツ ジケン エ ノ タイオウ オ チュウシン ニ

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抄録

In the spring of 1868, Ernst Oppert, a Jewish merchant from Hamburg based in Shanghai, attempted unsuccessfully to open the tomb of Prince Namyon南延 of Korea and take away his mortal remains, in an attempt to blackmail Korea into opening trade with the West. The present article traces how this notorious affair was settled, in order to focus on questions of jurisdiction over Germans residing in China and thus clarify one aspect of the German national unification process. Prussia, which acquired diplomatic rights to represent all the member states of the North German Confederation from the time of its founding, began to do whatever it could to centralize control over Germans living abroad, but often faced difficulty in dealing with the Hanseatic consulates, like those of Hamburg, which existed worldwide. Especially in China, Prussia had to confront Hanseatic resistance because the treaty concluded by the Eulenburg Mission with the Qing Dynasty had given the Hanseatic towns the right to build their own consulates and deal with their own citizens independent of either Prussia or the German customs union. However, in the aftermath of the Oppert Adventure, the Hanseatic consulate in Shanghai, the League's core consulate in China, fell into dysfunction, and the business there had to be entrusted to the consul of the North German Confederation. This situation led to a weakening of the grounds on which Hamburg could claim special rights based on Eulenburg's treaty with China, leading to progress being made in Prussia's efforts to centralize jurisdiction over Germans residing in China. Thus, the movement of founding a new state based on the Lesser German principle was lent great impetus by this overseas affair. The author concludes, in contrast to the research done to date, that German pre-colonial overseas expansion and German nation state building were inevitably interrelated historically.

収録刊行物

  • 史学雑誌

    史学雑誌 119 (12), 1999-2020, 2010

    公益財団法人 史学会

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