The Urban Structure of Miyako and Kamaishi

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  • 宮古と釜石の都市構造
  • ミヤコ ト カマイシ ノ トシ コウゾウ

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Both Miyako and Kamaishi are located on the typical Ria-type coast of Rikuchu, and developed as local centers of the area. Before the Meiji Era they were fishing ports and markets of marine products in the coast. After Meiji, Miyako has grown in accordance with the development of fishery, while Kamaishi has developed by thanks to the establishment of a large iron-work. The author investigated the differences of their areal structure due to the difference of their functions.<br>At Miyako, the city area was enlarged chiefly by the local capital before the railway service was begun. Since RASA-KOGYO and two other factories were introduced in the outskirts of the city, the differentiation of residential section became more conspicuous. After the introduction of the railway service the main street was elongated towards the railway station from the port and the government areas. But the service function of the central shopping street was not large, even if that of Kuwagasaki section in the port area had supplemented to some extent. Such changes are characteristic of a city dependent on fishery.<br>On the other hand Kamaishi city has developed due to the existence of a Kamaishi iron manufacturing factory. The factory occupies the narroww valley, so the greater part of the residential quarter lies in the western part of the city far from the main street and the office section. For this reason the citizens of the west section make much use of the purchase cooperation managed by the company. This system gives not a little influence on the function of the central shopping section, and the service of this central section is highly appreciated.<br>The difference between factory workers at Kamaishi and fishery workers at Miyako can be seen clearly in the differences of kinds of shops in both cities.

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