軸流水車内の流れについて

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  • On the Flow in a Water Turbine of Axial Flow Type
  • ジク リュウスイ シャナイ ノ ナガレ ニ ツイテ

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The air tests of a model of propeller turbine were performed to reconsider the methods of designing Kaplan turbines by usual two dimensional treatments. The characteristics of it were obtained, the flow conditions before and after the running blades measured with the cylindrical pitot-tubes, and the pressure distributions on the running blades were compared with the ones of the two-dimensional cascades. The conclusions reached are as follows : (1) Owing to the curvature of the space between the guide vanes and runner, the radial distribution of circulation given by the guide vanes is not uniform at the entrance of a runner (different from the result expected from free vortex theory), and circulation is larger on the outer wall side. The designers should take into account such distributions of the circulation, which is theoretically obtained by an approximate calculation. (2) The pressure distributions on running blades resemble remarkably those of straight cascade test. This shows that data of cascades are much valuable to design, especially, to prevent cavitation.

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