An Index of Relative Deprivation Caused by Inequality of Opportunity

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  • 機会不平等に起因する相対的剥奪の測定
  • キカイ フビョウドウ ニ キイン スル ソウタイテキ ハクダツ ノ ソクテイ

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     This article proposes an index to measure the amount of relative deprivation considered, in theory, to be caused by inequality of opportunity. We shall call this “IEO-RD index” in short. The IEO-RD index is developed from an relative deprivation index first proposed by S. Yitzhaki (1979), and is based on a model on equal opportunity policy proposed by J. Roemer (1996, 1998) and related to theories of distributive justice. In its framework, the IEO-RD index decomposes the societal average of relative deprivation as well as the Gini index of inequality according to the types of relative deprivation. Using the American Community Survey data and the Japanese Social Stratification and Social Mobility Survey (SSM survey) data, the IEO-RD index illustrates inequality of opportunity by race and family background, respectively.

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