Behavioral Study on Taste Responses of Cattle to Salty, Sour, Sweet, Bitter, Umami and Alcohol Solutions

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  • 牛の味覚に関する行動学的研究
  • ウシ ノ ミカク ニ カンスル コウドウガクテキ ケンキュウ

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The taste responses of cattle to salty (sodium chloride), sour (acetic acid), sweet (sucrose), bitter (caffeine), umami (monohydrate sodium glutamate) and alcohol (ethyl-alcohol) taste solutions were studied on six cattle(four Japanese Black Cattle and two Holstein ×JBC) in a twochoice preference test. The taste substances were dissolved in tap water to make seven stepwise test solutions by doubling the concentration. The percentage intake of the test solutions in regard to total fluid in each concentration was defined as a preference index. A preference index above 60.3% was defined as a preference zone, one below 39.7% as a rejection zone, and one between 39.7%and 60.3% as a nondiscrimination zone, via the χ2-test. The taste response was interpreted from the taste response curve that reflected changes in the preference index with increasing concentrations. Cattle did not discriminate between the sodium chloride solution and tap water from a concentration of 0.04% to 2.5% but showed a weak rejection response for 1.25%. Acetic acid solutions were rejected and a strong response was given from 0.08% to 1.25%. There was no discrimination between sucrose solutions from concentrations of 0.16% to 1.25%, but animals exhibited a preference response for 2.5% to 10.0%. Cattle did not notice the caffeine solution but faintly preferred 0.01%. They preferred concentrations from 0.08% to 2.5% of MSG solutions but showed a particularly strong preference response for 0.63%. Cattle did not notice ethyl-alcohol solution from a concentration of 0.2% to 3.2% but faintly preferred 1.6%, while they strongly rejected increasing concentrations.

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