黒毛和種牛における染色体のロバートソン型転座

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タイトル別名
  • Robertsonian Translocation in Japanese Black Cattle
  • クロゲワシュ ウシ ニ オケル センショクタイ ノ ロバードソンガタ テンザ

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Fifty five Japanese Black cattle were examined cytogenetically using the peripheral blood culturing technique. 1-1. 5ml of heparinized whole blood was mixed with 5ml McCoy's 5a medium (Gibco), 0.1ml PHA (HA15, Wellcome) and 0.1ml antibiotics solution (Penicillin-G-potassium 500I.U., Streptomycin sulfate 500μg/0.1ml), and then cultured at 39°C for 72 hours. After 2 to 3 hours of colchicine treatment, the chromosome slides were prepared according to the method described previously. The slides were treated by the G-banding and C-banding technique. Breeding data were collected on cows in herd containing both translocation heterozygotes and herdmates of the normal karyotype during five years. The results obtained are as follows; In 20 out of 55 Japanese Black cattle two different types of Robertsonian translocation were found. One type of the translocation chromosomes was revealed by the use of G-banding technique to be formed by centric fusion between Nos. 1 and 29 autosomes and another type of them to be formed by the centric fusion between Nos. 5 and 21 autosomes. Of 20 cattle carring translocation chromosomes, 5 were heterozygous for the 1/29 translocation and 13 were heterozygous for the 5/21 translocation. Each of 2 heifers from mating with 1/29 heterozygous sire and 5/21 heterozygous dams inherited both types of translocation chromosomes. By the C-banding method, the 1/29 translocation chromosome appeared monocentric fusion because one block of constitutive heterochromatin was found on the centromeric region and the 5/21 translocation chromosome appeared dicentric fusion because two blocks of constitutive heterochromatin were found on the centromeric region. Fertility in translocation heterozygous cows was little different from that of cows of the normal karyotype, but further investigation based on larger samples of cows carring translocation chromosomes may be necessary for definite conclusion.

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