Classification for Transferrin and Esterase Types in Horses

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  • 馬のtransferrin型およびesterase型の分類
  • ウマ ノ transferrinガタ オヨビ esterasガタ ノ ブンルイ

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Abstract

There are some protein systems which their known genes cannot be classified if we do not adapt more than two detecting techniques for them. Equine transferrin (Tf) and esterase (Es) types were detected by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and horizontal polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (HPAGE), and then the former was also performed by a single radial immunodiffusion test for detecting a silent gene. The each variant was distinguished for every two electrophoresises, and was respectively compared and identified between the both. And at the same time, their gene frequencies were studied among 19 horse breeds in East-Asian, Japan and Europe areas.<br>The D', F, H' and X variants of the Tf system could not be distinguished if IEF was not used for their visualization. Tf-H1 band moved faster on IEF gel than the H2 band, but the former was moved slower on the HPAGE gel than the latter. Tf-X variant of the lowest electrophoretic mobility was composed of only one band. TfF2 and TfR alleles were observed among 19 horse breeds. TfF1 allele recognized among 6 horse breeds was most predominant in the Thoroughbreds, and its appearance frequency was 29.6%. The TfX gene, first reported in Hokkaido native horses, was recognized 31% in Noma horses of Japanese native horses, but it was not in East-Asian native horses and European horses. Silent gene (Tf-) was observed in only the Anglo-Arabs of Japan, the frequency being 0.016% in the 53, 038 animals tested.<br>On the other hand, G and G' variants of the Es system could not be classified by HPAGE. A new variant which showed higher electrophoretic mobility than the Es-F type with HPAGE was moved lower than Es-I or S types with IEF. It was named the Es-D variant and the frequency was 4.9% in only the Percheron horses. The silent gene (EsO) in the Es locus was observed among 12 horse breeds, and the gene frequencies were 0.5-12% among them.<br>I think that atypical variants as also reported in this paper should be intentionally identified and regulated in international comparison test for promoting more the usefulness of marker gene in equine blood types.

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