Immunomodulatory activities of green microalga <i>Parachlorella kessleri</i> strain KNK-A001 in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> systems

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  • Ueno Mikinori
    Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University
  • Jiang Zedong
    Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University
  • Abu Ryogo
    Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University
  • Yamashita Kenji
    KANEKA corporation
  • Yamaguchi Kenichi
    Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University
  • Oda Tatsuya
    Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University

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Other Title
  • 緑色微細藻類 <i>Parachlorella kessleri </i> KNK-A001株(カネカクロレラ)の<i>in vitro</i>及び<i>in vivo</i>での免疫賦活作用
  • 緑色微細藻類Parachlorella kessleri KNK-A001株(カネカクロレラ)のin vitro及びin vivoでの免疫賦活作用
  • リョクショク ビサイ ソウルイ Parachlorella kessleri KNK-A001カブ(カネカクロレラ)ノ in vitro オヨビ in vivo デ ノ メンエキ フカツ サヨウ

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Abstract

Parachlorella kessleri strain KNK-A001 is a green microalga taxonomically related to P. kessleri. This alga has a thick extracellular matrix instead of a usual hard cell wall. We have previously found that dry powdered KNK-A001 has good food value as feed for the Pacific oyster spat and zooplankton rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. In this study, we investigated the effects of dry powdered KNK-A001 on mammalian immune systems and compared with those of Chlorella vulgaris. The cell suspensions of these microalgae were prepared with phosphate buffered saline, and autoclaved before use. When the cell suspension of C. vulgaris was added to mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells, the significant increase of nitric oxide (NO) levels and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were induced in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas KNK-A001 cell suspension showed no such stimulating activities on RAW264.7 cells up to 1,000 μg/mL. On the other hand, intraperitoneal injection of KNK-A001 cell suspension into mice resulted in a significant increase in splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity against YAC-1 cells, which was even much higher than that induced by C. vulgaris. Infrared spectral analysis and alginate lyase-digestion test suggested that KNK-A001 had abundant alginate. Our results suggest that KNK-A001 cell suspension may have specific immune potentiating activities.

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