Clinical Examination of the Usefulness of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT)

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  • Yoshimura Takako
    Department of Speech, Language & Hearing, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University.
  • Maeshima Shinichiro
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saitama International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
  • Osawa Aiko
    Rehabilitation Studies Unit, Royal Rehabilitation Centre Sydney, University of Sydney (now at Saitama International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University)
  • Sekiguchi Eri
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saitama International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University

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  • Clock Drawing Test (CDT) の評価法に関する臨床的検討

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  The clock drawing test (CDT), which requires the examinee to draw a picture of a clock and place its hands, is advocated to evaluate constructional ability, executive function, etc. Although various methods of assessing and evaluating CDT have been proposed with varying reliabilities and validities, they have not been directly compared on the basis of the performances of the same subjects. In the present study, we examined CDT by seven main methods simultaneously and compared the results in order to know which methods would be most useful as a clinical test for dementia. The subjects were 41 elderly outpatients (11 males, 30 females) including 11 Alzheimer’s patients, four patients with vascular dementia, two with dementia with Lewy bodies, 16 with frontotemporal dementia, five with mild cognitive impairment, and three cases of normal aging. Each clock drawing was assessed according to seven different methods independently by two raters who were not informed of the diagnoses, symptoms or severity of the subjects. <br>  Most CDT methods showed high reliability and validity. With some methods, in which the subject is presented with a pre-drawn circle as the outline of a clock, there were significant differences between the mild and severe impaired groups, and the Alzheimer’s group scored significantly worse than the frontotemporal dementia group. <br>  We discussed the possibility that a CDT which uses a pre-drawn circle would, in light of this method’s reliability and validity, be useful clinically for assessing dementia.

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