Vegetation change in various coastal forest habitats after a huge tsunami : a three-year study(News,<Feature>Disturbance and recovery of the coastal-ecotone vegetation following the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami)

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  • 巨大津波直後の海岸林に生じた多様な立地の植生の変化 : 3年間の記録(保全情報,<特集>東日本大震災と砂浜海岸エコトーン植生 : 津波による攪乱とその後の回復)
  • 保全情報 巨大津波直後の海岸林に生じた多様な立地の植生の変化 : 3年間の記録
  • ホゼン ジョウホウ キョダイ ツナミ チョクゴ ノ カイガンリン ニ ショウジタ タヨウ ナ リッチ ノ ショクセイ ノ ヘンカ : 3ネンカン ノ キロク

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Much of the coastal forest along Sendai Bay was severely disturbed by the huge tsunami resulting from the Great East Japan Earthquake (March 11, 2011). To evaluate changes in coastal forest vegetation after the tsunami, we implemented a phytosociological survey in four different microhabitats-remnant-forest, disturbed-forest, bare-soil, and moist-soil-between 2011 and 2013. In 2011, pioneer species such as Chenopodium acuminatum Willd., Oenothera laciniata Hill, and Phytolacca americana L. dominated the forest floor in all microhabitats except moist-soil areas. We propose that these species originated from seeds in sand deposited by the tsunami. However, in 2013, biennial and perennial herbs (Erigeron Canadensis L., Erigeron sumatrensis Retz. and Solidago altissima L.) increased while pioneer species declined. In addition, forest plants (e.g., Liriope minor (Maxim.) Makino, Lonicera japonica Thunb.), which began growing before the tsunami, increased in both disturbedand remnant-forest areas. Seedlings of tall tree species, such as Pinus thunbergii Parl., P. densiflora Siebold et Zucc., Prunus verecunda (Koidz.) Koehne, also emerged in bare-soil areas. These results suggest that the coastal forest vegetation is recovering autonomously in the study area. On the other hand, exotic plants (e.g., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Amorpha fruitcosa L.) were also vigorously resprouting from below-ground roots, and may inhibit the recovery of native species.

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