カーバメート系殺虫剤の作用特性に関する研究

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タイトル別名
  • Insecticidal, Metabolic and Environmental Characteristics of Carbamate Insecticides
  • カーバメートケイ サッチュウザイ ノ サヨウ トクセイ ニカンスルケンキュウ

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Insecticidal activities of 117 substituted phenyl methyl- and dimethylcarbamates to several insect species including the house fly, Musca domestica, the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis, the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis, the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps, the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus, etc. Structure-activity relationships and selectivity were discussed mainly on aphids and leaf- and planthoppers. Insecticidal characteristics to the green rice leafhopper and the small brown planthopper of carbamate insecticides were compared concerning the difference in pesticidal activities through various testing methods, effects of lowering temperature on insecticidal activity, etc. In regard to the mtabolism, penetration of carbamates from insect cuticle was rapid when the chemicals were topically applied on the green rice leafhopper and the small brown planthopper. Degradation of carbamates in vivo and in vitro was not so remarkable. Carbamate compounds applied on soils in the biometric flask degraded through hydrolytic pathway with the evolution of carbon dioxide. Soil-bound residues were detected by the radio tracer experiment. Concerning the experiment using the model ecosystem, carbamates were decomposed in the component organisms and in the aquarium water. Little possibility of ecological magnification through food chain was clarified.

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