スミチオンの土壌中における分解と溶脱について

DOI NDLデジタルコレクション 日本農学文献記事索引 Web Site 被引用文献6件
  • 滝本 善之
    Research Department, Pesticides Division, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • 広田 政隆
    Research Department, Pesticides Division, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • 乾 博
    Research Department, Pesticides Division, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • 宮本 純之
    Research Department, Pesticides Division, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.

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タイトル別名
  • Decomposition and Leaching of Radioactive Sumithion in 4 Different Soils under Laboratory Conditions

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Carbon-14 Sumithion, fenitrothion or O, O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate labeled at m-methyl group of the phenol moiety was added at 10ppm to 2 kinds (Utsunomiya and Moriyama) of silty loam, Katano sandy loam and Muko sandy soil, and kept at 25°C in the dark under upland and submerged conditions. Under upland condition fenitrothion is decomposed with half lives of 12 to 28 days depending on the kind of soil. 3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol and radioactive carbon dioxide are major decomposition products. 3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol formed during early period of incubation amounts to 10-20% of the total radioactivity, while the amount of carbon dioxide reaches approximately 40% after incubation for 60 days in Utsunomiya and Muko soils. Under submerged condition decomposition of fenitrothion is even more rapid, and aminofenitrothion, major product, is produced quite rapidly; in Moriyama and Katano soil 50-70% of fenitrothion is converted to aminofenitrothion is 10 days. 3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol and carbon dioxide are minor products.<br>Both fungi (Fusarium sp.) and bacteria (Bacillus sp.) isolated from Utsunomiya or Moriyama soil rapidly metabolize fenitrothion, majorly to aminofenitrothion, and as minor products are identified 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, desmethylfenitrothion, 3-methyl-4-aminophenol, formylaminofenitrothion and acetylaminofenitrothion.<br>Fenitrothion and its radioactive decomposition products are hardly eluted with water from the application site in the above 3 loamy soils, while in Muko soil with low organic matter and low clay content the radiocarbons are loosely bound to the soil and migrate easily with moving water.

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