Disappearance of Dicofol and Chlorthiamid in Soil under Various Test Conditions

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  • 各種条件におけるジコホールおよびクロルチアミドの土壌残留試験

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Abstract

Disappearance of dicofol, 2, 2, 2-trichloro-1, 1-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethanol, and chlorthiamid, 2, 6-dichlorothiobenzamide, were investigated under various test conditions to estimate the evaporation of the chemicals from soil. The chemicals were mixed with soil or added on the surface of the soil in glass bottles. The mouthes of a part of bottles were closed with aluminium foil and those of other bottles were kept open. The bottles containing the soil were stored in an incubator or in a room or outdoors. The chemicals in the soil were assayed periodically by gaschromatography. As dicofol disappeared very slowly and the rates of losses from soil were almost same in every conditions tested, the evaporation of this compound from soil seemed to be little, while some of dicofol evaporated from the water suspension or thin film of the chemical under same condition. Only a little of chlorthiamid disappeared from the soil stored in closed vessels, while relatively rapid loss by evaporation was observed when the soil was stored in open bottles. The soil-persistency test of pesticide is recommended to be done by two methods, the field test and the test using the soil stored in closed vessels. Results of the field test were sometimes disturbed by large variation of spray deposits on field soil. In the test with closed vessel, though the test conditions are controlled easily and the error is relatively small, losses of chemicals by evaporation, photolysis or leaching which are not negligible under field conditions are not measured. So when the results of the tests by two methods did not well agreed, the other tests to estimate the losses of chemicals from soil by the routs mentioned above should be done.

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