Labor-saving Effects of Simultaneous Gibberellin Treatment to Induce Seedlessness and Removal of Caps from Flowers Using a New Tool during Viticulture

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  • Yakushiji Hiroshi
    Grape and Persimmon Research Station, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science (NIFTS)
  • Ueno Toshihito
    Grape and Persimmon Research Station, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science (NIFTS)
  • Azuma Akifumi
    Grape and Persimmon Research Station, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science (NIFTS)
  • Koshita Yoshiko
    Grape and Persimmon Research Station, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science (NIFTS)

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Other Title
  • ジベレリンとブドウ花冠取りの同時処理による花冠取りの省力効果
  • ジベレリン ト ブドウ カカン トリ ノ ドウジ ショリ ニ ヨル カカン トリ ノ ショウリョク コウカ

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Abstract

In grapes, caps stuck to flower clusters can become a source of infection with gray mold disease. Thus, it is generally recommended that such caps are removed. We designed a new tool to remove the caps at the 1st gibberellin treatment to induce artificial seedless grape berries when its application time is near full bloom. A round brush was attached to the upper part of the cup used for gibberellin treatment. When a flower cluster soaked with gibberellin solution passed through the brush, the caps were efficiently removed from the flowers. ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Pione’ grapes cultivated in an open field were treated with gibberellin using this tool 3 days after full bloom. The cap removal rate immediately after treatment was 46–56% in the experimental group (the cup with a brush), whereas that in the control group (cup without a brush) was 4–8%. On the second day after gibberellin treatment, the cap removal rate increased to 70–76% in the experimental group because even more caps fell off the day after treatment, whereas the rate in the control group was 38–53%. A visual comparison of the young berries and the fruit at harvest showed that use of the tool did not cause scars on the surfaces of the berries. The tool did not have any undesirable effect on fruit quality. Therefore, this new tool is a useful labor-saving method for removing caps from flowers during the 1st gibberellin treatment in ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Pione’ grapes.<br>

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