Pit Formation in Human Enamel and Dentin Irradiated using the 2.94 .MU.m LEBRA-Free Electron Laser

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  • Sakae Toshiro
    Departments of Histology, Cytology and Developmental Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Sato Yukie
    Departments of Oral Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Tanimoto Yasuhiro
    Departments of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Higa Masanori
    Departments of Histology, Cytology and Developmental Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Oinuma Hirokazu
    Departments of Histology, Cytology and Developmental Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Kozawa Yukishige
    Departments of Histology, Cytology and Developmental Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Okada Hiroyuki
    Departments of Oral Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Yamamoto Hirotsugu
    Departments of Oral Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Hayakawa Toru
    Departments of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Nemoto Kimiya
    Departments of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • Sakai Takeshi
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University
  • Nogami Kyoko
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University
  • Mori Akira
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University
  • Kuwada Takao
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University
  • Hayakawa Yasushi
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University
  • Tanaka Toshinari
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University
  • Hayakawa Ken
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University
  • Sato Isamu
    LEBRA, Laboratory for Electron Beam Research and Application, Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University

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The ablation effect of laser treatment of dental tissues is mainly determined by : i) wavelength, ii) power fluence, and iii) pulse structure. To evaluate the effect of pulse structure, the 2.94 μm free electron laser (FEL) and the Er:YAG laser were used to irradiate human tooth enamel and dentin. A 2.94 μm FEL of 8-10 μsec excision with 2 Hz was generated by the 80 MeV LINAC-undulater system at LEBRA, Nihon University, with the macro-pulse structure of 20 μsec and with less than 1 pico-second micro-pulses at 350 pico-sec interval. Size and depth of the pits formed by laser irradiation were measured using a profilometer. Only a 3 mJ LEBRA-FEL was sufficient to form a crater in the enamel and dentin, and the depth of the pit formed by laser irradiation was dependent upon the power of laser. Even when the higher-powered FEL was applied, the craters showed no signs of scorching. Conversely, craters with scorching were evident when the Er : YAG laser was used on dentin. In conclusion, heat damage of dental hard tissues can be avoided using a micro-pulse structured laser.

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