<b>Postviral Olfactory Disorder</b>

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  • KONDO Kenji
    Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo

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  • 感冒後嗅覚障害
  • カンボウ ゴキュウカク ショウガイ

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<p>Postviral olfactory disorder (PVOD) is one of the most common causes of persistent olfactory loss. It predominantly affects middle-aged and elder women. The patients usually notice loss of smell while they have a cold, but visit ENT clinics only after several weeks/months, realizing that the olfactory impairment persists despite the resolution of cold symptoms. The pathophysiology of PVOD is thought to be sensorineural damage of the neuroepithelium and/or central olfactory tracts, either by direct viral insult or by immune reaction against the virus. Endoscopic and radiological examinations reveal no abnormalities, and are useful to differentiate PVOD from other causes of olfactory impairment. Zinc, Kampo medicines, steroids, vitamins, and cerebral metabolic activators have been used singly or in combination for the treatment of PVOD. Recent studies have also reported the usefulness of olfactory training for the treatment of PVOD. Relatively long periods (>1 year) are usually necessary for the significant improvement of olfactory function.</p>

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