Evaluation of the evidence on hot spa efficacy and its applications to leisure activities, particularly those aimed at health promotion

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  • KAMIOKA Hiroharu
    Laboratory of Physical and Health Eaducation, Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
  • KURITA Kazuya
    Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture
  • SUZUKI Eigo
    Department of Environment Symbiotic Studies, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture
  • WATANABE Shinya
    Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation
  • KITAYUGUCHI Jun
    Physical Education and Medicine Research Center Unnan, Unnan City
  • KAMADA Masamitsu
    Physical Education and Medicine Research Center Unnan, Unnan City
  • HONDA Takuya
    Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo
  • MORIYAMA Shoko
    Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo
  • MUTOH Yoshiteru
    Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo

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Other Title
  • 温泉の効果に関するエビデンスの整理と健康づくりを中心としたレジャーへの応用
  • オンセン ノ コウカ ニ カンスル エビデンス ノ セイリ ト ケンコウズクリ オ チュウシン ト シタ レジャー エ ノ オウヨウ

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The purposes of this study were to evaluate the evidence of spa therapy, as well as spa effects, on health promotion, and to discuss the proper applications of spa to leisure activities that are focused on fitness.<BR> A relatively small number of highly evidence-graded studies, such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs), were identified from a literature search, and many had problems in methodology. Results showed that aquatic exercises conducted in hot water, including hot spa, obviously alleviated pain in locomotorium diseases. However, few RCTs are currently available concerning other diseases, and consequently, there is no evidence on aquatic exercise efficacy in those diseases.<BR> An increasing number of people enjoy leisure activities, particularly hot spa bathing, primarily for fitness. Obviously, hot spa has pain-relieving effects on locomotorium diseases, which are prevalent in middle-aged or elderly people. Therefore, hot spa bathing, as well as a change of air, and other complex factors associated with hot spa visits, are expected to promote health.<BR> It is hoped that people will learn more about hot spa, and enjoy it as a regular leisure activity.

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