オーストラリア熱帯モンスーン性鳥類の生活史の特徴

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タイトル別名
  • Life-history of Birds in Australian Monsoon Tropics
  • オーストラリア ネッタイ モンスーンセイ チョウルイ ノ セイカツシ ノ トクチョウ

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抄録

I reviewed researches addressing avian life history evolution in the tropics, with special reference to the latest knowledge collected in Australian monsoon tropics. In the tropics, a large body of empirical data and comparative studies in which phylogeny and ecological conditions such as nesting habitat were controlled, have demonstrated that clutch size is smaller and survival of adult birds is higher than in north temperate areas. However, no such significant differences have been detected in the nest predation rate, incubation period, fledging period, number of broods per season. Insufficient data exists regarding the provisioning rate, food size and total amount of foods for chicks. In Australian monsoon tropics, which are characterized by a small seasonal change in temperature and by the distinct alteration of six-month dry season and wet season, the seasonal variation of food abundance, mainly invertebrates and nectar, is smaller than in northern temperate areas. Although breeding occurs in every month throughout avian communities, there are diverged patterns of breeding seasons among species. Most life history traits show a similar tendency to those of birds in other tropical areas. Low adult mortality and low population turnover cause the delayed first breeding in young and delayed natal dispersal, which is a causal factor for the cooperative breeding system that prevails among Australian bird species. Frequent wildfires adversely influence the breeding of grass-nesting species. In contrast, some adaptation to fires is evident, e.g., enhanced reproductive success by virtue of new food resources and foraging habitats created by fires or behaviours in lessening the damage of fires.

収録刊行物

  • 山階鳥類学雑誌

    山階鳥類学雑誌 42 (1), 1-18, 2010

    公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

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