Chondrodysplastic dwarfism in a Japanese Black calf

Kitahashi E., Yoshimura M., Koike M., Takashima K., Kikuchi M., Watanabe D., Oyamada T., Oonami Y.

doi:10.4190/jjvc.31.18

A female Japanese Black calf presented with dwarfism, extremely small limbs, hydrocephalus-like head, and abnormal gait. It was reared from the age of 5 days to about 6 months to observe its development, and to conduct blood chemistry tests, endocrinological tests, and epidemiological tests. At age 5 days, the calf weighed 25 kg, and had the very small height of 50 cm, and the body length of 52 cm. X-ray examination revealed blurring of long bone epiphyseal growth plates, and enlarged articular cavity of the knee. CT showed separation of the femoral head from the acetabulum. The calf's subsequent development was poor, and it weighed only 45kg at age 5 months. Afterwards, it developed astasia, and died at the age of 196 days. The gene that causes dwarfism in Japanese Brown cattle was the homozygous normal genotype in this subject. Endocrinological tests revealed elevated plasma growth hormone, decreased insulin-like growth factor-1, and decreased thyroid hormones (T₃ and T₄). Pathological tests showed chondrodysplasia of the epiphyseal plates. The thyroid showed variability in the size of colloidal follicles and sloughing off of the follicular epithelium into the colloid. Although the animal was diagnosed with chondrodysplastic dwarfism, the cause could not be fully elucidated.

Chondrodysplastic dwarfism in a Japanese Black calf

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