Defoliating Damage by Typhoons in Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) Plantations.

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  • 台風によるヒノキ人工林の落葉被害
  • タイフウ ニ ヨル ヒノキ ジンコウリン ノ オチバ ヒガイ

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Abstract

We measured leaf loss caused by typhoons in four Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) plantations in northern Kagoshima Prefecture. In 2004, five typhoons passed through Kagoshima Prefecture and over nearby seas, Typhoon 18 was strongest; easterly and southwesterly winds impacted the forests with storm velocities of >40 m/s. The fallen branches lengths were mostly <10 cm; tree debris of ≥20 cm dimension was relatively rare in four stands. The amounts of fallen leaves were 1.0 and 0.8 t/ha in stands P1 and P2 (located on slopes with southwestern exposure), respectively, and 0.7 and 0.2 t/ha in stands P3 and P4 (located on north-facing slopes), respectively. The mass of fallen branches in these stands amounted to only 7∼15% of the mass of fallen leaves. The difference in the amount of fallen leaves among stands were putatively attributed to factors that influenced wind velocity, such as slope direction and presence or absence sheltering mountains on the windward sides. The leaf biomasses before the typhoon impact were estimated to be 13.8 and 15.5 t/ha in stands P1 and P2, respectively. The ratios of fallen leaf amount to leaf biomass before the typhoon were 7.5 and 5.1% in stands P1 and P2, respectively. Thus, defoliating damage by typhoon impact in Hinoki stands can occur, even in the absence of conspicuous damage such as trunk breakage.

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