A Historical Review of the Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery in Neurological Surgery of Japan

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  • わが国の脳神経外科における脊椎・脊髄外科の歴史

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A history of spinal surgery in neurosurgery of Japan is reviewed in dividing into three stages. First stage (the preceding days of the year 1948 when The Japan Neurosurgical Society was founded) : Dr. H. Miyake was the first surgeon who removed successfully a cervical spinal cord tumor in 1911. During this period either general or orthopedic surgeons undertook spinal surgery. No neurosurgical institution was established at this stage. Second stage (from 1948 to the year 1986 when the Japanese Society of Spinal Surgery was founded) : Until 1957 orthopedic surgeons had been main contributors presenting papers of spinal surgery in the annual meeting of the Japan Neurosurgical Society. A paper of cervical disc disease by Dr. M. Tsuru in the 17th meeting (1958) was the first spinal paper presented by a neurosurgeon in the annual meeting. Following him neurosurgeons handling spinal surgery gradually increased and became playing major roles instead of orthopedic surgeons since 1973. Symposiums and panels encouraged increase of neurosurgeons engaged in spinal surgery. Number of spinal papers presented in the annual meeting reached 4 to 6% in 1985. These up-going tendency forced to organize the Japanese Society of Spinal Surgery in 1986. Third stage (from 1986 up to the present) : Establishment of training programs for spinal neurosurgeons was a main issue at this stage. Several hands-on-workshops on spinal surgery using cadavers has being arranged as well as regional meetings to discuss clinical cases in detail. Leading institutions open their residency programs particularly designed for spinal neurosurgeons. A survey revealed spinal operations totaled 5, 161 in a year from 1995 to 1996, which were 5.6% of the total 86, 830 neurosurgical operations (the response rate to questionnaires was 59.7%). At the 57th annual meeting (1998), 9.4% of total 1104 papers were related to spinal surgery.

Journal

  • Spinal Surgery

    Spinal Surgery 13 (1), 1-14, 1999

    The Japanese Society of Spinal Surgery

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