An Examination of the Formation and Development Process of the Medical Professions and its Training Systems, Focusing on Medical Technologists and Medical Test Technicians

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  • 医療専門職とその養成制度の成立発展プロセス : 臨床検査技師、衛生検査技師を中心として
  • イリョウ センモンショク ト ソノ ヨウセイ セイド ノ セイリツ ハッテン プロセス リンショウ ケンサ ギシ エイセイ ケンサ ギシ オ チュウシン ト シテ

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Abstract

There are currently twenty seven laws governing the licensing of professionals in the medical and welfare professions, each law defining a category of medical and welfare professional. Some of these laws, specifically those covering medical practitioners, midwives and dentists were enacted as far back as July 30th 1948. It has become apparent that specialization within the medical and welfare fields is increasing under the continuing pressure of medical advance, requiring modifications of, and clarification and extensions in fields of responsibility, job titles and job descriptions. We examined the methods by which regulations covering the scope and job descriptions of two licenses, those for medical technologist and medical test technicians, were arrived at by the interested parties. It became clear that when the law pertaining to the medical test technicians and medical technologist license were decided the technicians faced strong pressure from the Japan Pharmaceutical Association, Japan Society of Clinical Pathology and the Japan Medical Association who were all intent on limiting it in scope and range as far as was possible. Such legal limitation expressed in the license lead directly to limitations in the range of responsibilities and duties the profession was allowed to shoulder. As a result of these legal limitations the profession of medical technologist was weakened. The situation has not changed significantly in recent year. However, as the specialization of each medical area increases and medical technology advances, these legal limitations have lead to numerous discrepancies. Moreover, increasingly a wider ranging education in what might be termed "human skills" covering, for example bio-ethics, communication skills and the like, is being required in addition to the technical demands of the specialty itself. This indicates the necessity of a system allowing for practitioners wider educational development as medical professionals.

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