Life course of transfer students at nursing universities

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  • 看護系大学に編入した看護専門学校卒業生のライフコース
  • 看護系大学に編入学した看護専門学校卒業生のライフコース
  • カンゴケイ ダイガク ニ ヘンニュウガクシタ カンゴ センモン ガッコウ ソツギョウセイ ノ ライフ コース

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Abstract

Traditionally in Japan, nursing education has primarily been carried out at nursing vocational schools. However, since 1990, the number of nursing universities have rapidly increased, and approximately 30% of nursing students currently study at a university. Furthermore, a 1998 law amendment enabled graduates of nursing vocational schools to transfer to four-year universities. The present study focuses on the life course of students who transferred from nursing vocational schools to nursing universities. Life course was analyzed based on the following four perspectives, as described by Glen H. Elder and Janet Z. Giele: "historical and temporal background", "social attributes", "individual goal orientation", and "strategic adaptation". The following results were obtained: 1) Transfer students, in their challenge to transfer to university, were driven by two social changes, specifically the transition of nursing education to higher education at a university and the change in medical practice from hospital-based medicine to home-based medicine. 2) Selection of life course among transfer students was based on great awareness of social contribution, belief in achieving economic independence, and a positive attitude toward life, characterized by the ability to move forward rather than regret. Formation of these attributes was particularly influenced by the students' mother. 3) Selection of the life course of transferring to universities was associated with interactions with patients and coworkers. 4) Transfer students considered their transfer admission not as a goal, but as a passing point in their quest to attain the qualifications and abilities necessary for implementing their ideal nursing practice, in other words to become clinical nurse specialists or public health nurses, and chose to transfer as a strategy for achieving this goal.

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