Association between Changes in Waist Circumference versus those in Body Mass Index, and Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

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  • Nobukazu Ishizaka
    Internal Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College

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The prevalence of obesity is increasing in Western countries, Japan, and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Although this phenomenon is, in part, a consequence of economic development, obesity should be avoided because it increases the incidence of life-threatening disorders such as myocardial infarction, diabetes, and stroke. Among the various parameters for assessing obesity, weight, BMI, and waist circumference are the ones most frequently used in Japan. Until now, however, little evidence has been available concerning which changes in obesity parameters most accurately reflect changes in blood data related to lipid and glucose metabolism, and BP. To answer this question, we analyzed the data of individuals who underwent general health screening two years running. A reduction in BMI occurring in the one-year period between the screenings was found to be associated with favorable changes in systolic BP, LDL and HDL cholesterol, TG, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in both genders. Although changes in waist circumference were associated with changes in some of these cardiometabolic risk factors, the association ceased to be significant after adjusting for changes in BMI. In the period between the screenings, the impact of changes in BMI (and thus in weight) may have been greater than the impact of changes in waist circumference on BP, lipid and glucose data. The impact of the changes in these obesity parameters in terms of modulating the incidence of cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases should be addressed in future studies. (Ningen Dock 2011; 25: 1-5)

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