Determination of Surface Electrode Location for Electromyograms of the Elbow Flexor and Extensor Muscles

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  • OKUNO Ryuhei
    Department of Bioinformatics Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University
  • AKAZAWA Kenzo
    Department of Bioinformatics Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University
  • YOSHIDA Masaki
    大阪電気通信大学工学部医療福祉工学科

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Other Title
  • 上肢運動時の表面筋電図計測のための電極貼付位置決定法
  • ジョウシ ウンドウジ ノ ヒョウメンキンデンズ ケイソク ノ タメ ノ デンキョク チョウフ イチ ケッテイホウ

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Abstract

Surface electromyograms (EMG) have been widely utilized as an index of muscle activity in the biomedical field because they can be measured noninvasively without any special difficulty. The quantitative investigation of surface EMGs has been attempted to analyze the dynamic relation between torque, joint angle and muscle activity in voluntary limb movements. The location of the electrode is very important for monitoring EMG correctly and accurately. There have been some reports on estimating the innervation zone of upper limb muscles. However the innervation zone projected on the skin surface changes during movement, because muscle and skin are shortened independently. When the electrode is located on an innervation zone, the amplitude of the EMG becomes small. The measured EMG does not reflect the activity of the muscle. Electrodes need to be put on a region not influenced by the innervation zones in order to measured EMG accurately. The purpose of this study was to determine the surface electrode location forelbow flexor and extensor muscles, applicable to dynamic movements as well as isometric contraction. Five flexors and two extensor muscles of four male subjects were studied. At first, the innervation zones of the individual muscles were estimated as follows. A seven-channel electrode array was put on the skin surface of each muscle and the EMGs were measured during isometric contraction. The innervation zones were detected by watching motor unit action potential waveforms. These experiments were repeated while varying the electrode location on the same muscle and changing the elbow angle. It was shown that the detected innervation zones changed as the elbow angle changed. We decided an area outside of the innervation zone as the optimum electrode pasting position. Secondly, the EMG signals were measured with bipolar disk electrodes put on the determined area. This allowed us to measure reliable EMGs.

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