Biology and chemical ecology of <i>Eupackardia calleta</i> (Saturniidae) in southern Texas

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  • テキサス州南部におけるカレッタシロスジサン Eupackaridia calleta （ヤママユガ科） の生活史および化学生態
  • Biology and chemical ecology of Eupackardia calleta (Saturniidae) in southern Texas

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Abstract

<p>Field and lab observations were made on Eupackardia calleta, a large saturniid that flies in southern Texas. Leucophyllum langmaniae is newly reported as a hostplant in nature. An oviposition was found in nature comprising 17 eggs on 8 leaves. Samples of cocoons preyed upon by a mammal are illustrated. Three parasitoids are reported: the euplemid Anastatus from eggs, the tachinid Lespesia sp. near texana, and the chalcidid Conura maria from cocoons, the latter two for the first time. Predation on a third-instar larva by the vespid Polistes exclamans was observed. Phototactic behavior of males (which are normally diurnal) and a multiple mating by a female are newly reported. Three new county records for Texas are cited. Biochemical analyses were done on unfed first-instar larvae, fed second-instar larvae, mature larvae, and adult moths, and the following compounds were found: 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, dopamine, norepinephrine, hydroquinone, 2- (dimethylamino) ethylacetate, trehalose, and 3,5-dimethylphenol, some of which probably provide protection from predators. Trials on larvae were conducted in the lab and field with five species of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to test for chemical protection against predation. It was observed that larvae have some chemical protection from ants, and because some of the above mentioned biogenic chemicals were found to be carried into the adult stage, it is proposed that moths of E. calleta may be Müllerian instead of Batesian mimics of Battus (Papilionidae)</p>

Journal

  • Lepidoptera Science

    Lepidoptera Science 67 (2), 58-66, 2016

    THE LEPIDOPTEROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

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