Formation and Perception of Personal Space

NISHIDE Kazuhiko

doi:10.20786/mera.1.2_7

This study investigates the nature of the formation and the perception of personal space by experiments and field observations, and aims at providing a psychological and behavioral basis for environmental design. The spatial distances and the angles of orientation between people affect and motivate human behavior. Motivation forms personal space around a person heterogeneously. Personal space is characterized by "personal territorial field" and reference domains. The "personal territorial field" is defined as the potential energy field of the subject's inclination to move away from the object. By the usage of demonstrative pronouns, 'KORE','SORE', and 'ARE', the surrounding space of a person can be divided into three reference domains. The interpersonal distance during conversation or queuing in a public space is constantly maintained to recognise the existence and the invasion of the other's personal space, and the interpersonal distance in the queuing affords 'waiting'. Space affords a certain behavior and the interpersonal distance affords a certain social relation or comunication. The dimension of the personal space is practically constant. This study aims at clarifying the absolute scale of people's spatial sense and providing a common language among designers and users through the spatial nature of personal space.

Formation and Perception of Personal Space

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