Start-up Method for Methane Fermentation through the Anaerobic Self-degradation of Cattle Manure and Microbial Community Change during Self-degradation

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  • Yasuda Daisuke
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
  • Kobayashi Takuro
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
  • Li Yu-You
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
  • Harada Hideki
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University
  • Okaniwa Yoshiyasu
    The Japan Association of Rural Resource Recycling Solutions

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Other Title
  • 乳牛ふん尿の嫌気性自己分解によるメタン発酵スタートアップ方法およびその過程における微生物群集構造の変化
  • ニュウギュウ フンニョウ ノ ケンキセイ ジコ ブンカイ ニ ヨル メタン ハッコウ スタートアップ ホウホウ オヨビ ソノ カテイ ニ オケル ビセイブツ グンシュウ コウゾウ ノ ヘンカ

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A start-up procedure for mesophilic methane fermentation digestion from dairy cattle manure without inoculum was investigated using a laboratory-scale continuously-stirred tank reactor. The reactor was first operated in batch mode by diluting the cattle manure to TS 1.5%. Gas production greatly increased from day 17 to 22 and then decreased. VFA first increased and reached a peak on day 22, then gradually decreased. After 37 days of batch mode operation, the reactor was changed to continuous mode operation, and the HRT was shortened in increments from 100 days to 50 days, and then to 30 days on day 70. The start-up period consists of two characteristic phases. In the first phase, VFA accumulation was observed because the methane production rate was low. In the second phase, rapid VFA degradation with an increase in methane production was observed. Microbial community shift during the start-up period was monitored using molecular techniques. Results of clone library analysis suggest that during self-digestion, Methanosarcina grew gradually and became predominant at day 30, though they were not detected at the beginning. Population dynamics of the archaeal community were investigated with real-time PCR. During the transition from the first phase to the second phase, the digester showed significant increase in the Methanosarcina rRNA gene. The population of Methanosarcina correlates with the biogas production rate. A start-up method by self-digestion of dairy cattle manure was established in this research.

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