Conservation of isolated urban green spaces for plant species

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  • 孤立した都市緑地における植物の保全と課題
  • コリツシタ トシ リョクチ ニ オケル ショクブツ ノ ホゼン ト カダイ シャジリン ト ケイダイ ノ セイイクチ ト シテノ トクチョウ
  • Characteristics of shrine and temple forests and precincts
  • 社寺林と境内の生育地としての特徴

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Abstract

The forests and precincts of shrines and temples play an important role as habitats for wildlife in urban areas. However, urban green spaces have been heavily developed and the ecosystem has been affected by various negative impacts. We discuss conservation of shrine forests and precincts as habitats for plants based on previous studies. The size of habitats is a main environmental factor that influences the number of plant species in shrine forests and precincts. Preventing the reduction of habitat size is essential to conserve plant species in urban areas. The fern species that prefer wet environments tend to be absent in small forests. It is necessary to preserve wet environments such as the lower slope of a valley wall and the bottom of a valley in order to conserve these species. Increased isolation diminishes populations of diploid fern species in shrine forests. The complex shape of forest habitats increases woody species that prefer edge environments. The distribution pattern of plant species in shrine forests and precincts in urban areas demonstrate nested subsets in area order. The combination of small green spaces is usually superior to one large green space in terms of number of species because the distribution pattern is not perfectly nested in reality. Most red-listed species in shrine forests are forest interior species that prefer stable environments and inhabit relatively large forests, whereas red-listed species in precincts were ruderal and segetal species that prefer human-settled environments. For conservation of red-listed species, it would seem desirable to conserve large sites for species in shrine forests and to conserve large and small sites for species in gardens.

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