ビルマ系難民の政治組織の形成と展開

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  • Formation and Development of Political Organizations of Burmese Refugees
  • ビルマケイ ナンミン ノ セイジ ソシキ ノ ケイセイ ト テンカイ

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There is a growing population of immigrants in the contemporary world. With the increase of immigrants, developed countries try to control issues such as what kinds of immigrants are received and how they are integrated into the settlement society, according to the immigration policy based on citizenship. From the viewpoint of immigrants themselves, some scholars emphasize the role of the social organizations that help immigrants settle into the host country.<BR>The aim of this paper is to describe the organizational responses of Burmese refugees to the Japanese asylum policy, based on fieldwork carried out in Japan from 2004. I collected survey data with the snowballing method, including interviews with Burmese refugees and NGOs. This research involves questionnaires concerning the refugees backgrounds in Burma, their organizational activities, and future plans. The research also considers Japanese asylum policy.<BR>The data suggest that Burmese refugees fled from persecution to Japan because of their political activities in Burma. Because their goals were to bring democracy to their country of origin, Burmese established political organizations in Japan. However, they had not succeeded in uniting their activities monolithically because of the complex multiethnic background in Burma. At the same time, Burmese refugees faced issues regarding residential rights because most of them were undocumented. In addition to the support of NGOs, they helped their colleagues apply to acquire residential rights with the use of political networks that gathered information and materials regarding their applications. Following these procedures, they changed their political organization to adopt a future plan: On the one hand, reconsidering more effective ways of political activities to achieve their goal of returning to Burma, and on the other, seeking ways to participate in the settlement society as an extension of their stay.

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