“Dietary Fiber” Fractions in Defatted Rice Bran and their Hypocholesterolemic Effect in Cholesterol-Fed Rats

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  • AYANO Yuko
    Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University
  • OHTA Fukio
    Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University
  • WATANABE Yukio
    Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University
  • MITA Kozo
    Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University

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  • 白ネズミにおける脱脂米ヌカのいわゆるdietary fiberのコレステロール上昇抑制作用
  • ハク ネズミ ニ オケル ダッシ コメヌカ ノ イワユル dietary fi

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Description

This investigation was conducted to quantify fiber components in defatted rice bran (crude fiber 10.6% as dry matter), and to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic effects of various detergent fiber preparations which were isolated from the defatted rice bran.<BR>1) The fiber composition of the defatted rice bran was determined to be cellulose 7.6%, hemicellulose 14.0% and lignin 4.4% on a dry weight basis by the method of Van Soest, and these values were indicated to adequately approximate to the values from the method of Southgate.<BR>2) Both neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were isolated from the defatted rice bran by application of the Van Soest procedure. Scanning electron microscopic observation showed that NDF-preparation was mainly composed of blocks of cytoplasm-free cell walls with fairly integral structure and ADF-preparation was composed of fragments of ruptured cell walls. The adsorption in vitro of cholic acid to both fiber preparations was assessed by incubating with sodium cholate at pH 8.0 for 16 hours at 37°C in the presence of the fiber. The NDF-preparation and ADF-preparation were found to adsorb the cholate by 17.9mg and 16.2mg per gram of the dry sample, respectively.<BR>3) The hypocholesterolemic effects of NDF-preparation (cellulose 29.3%, hemicellulose 47.5%, lignin 16.3%), ADF-preparation (cellulose 60.2%, hemicellulose 5.0%, lignin 33.4%) and commercial powdered cellulose (Solka-Floc, cellulose 90.9%, hemicellulose 10.7%) were examined on serum and liver cholesterol levels in rats. Each test fiber preparation was supplemented to a hypercholesterolemic diet (containing cholesterol 1% and bile salts 0.25%) at 5% level. The NDF-preparation had a significant effect to prevent the elevation of serum cholesterol, and it also depressed the liver cholesterol level but statistically not significant. Neither ADF-preparation nor powdered cellulose were effective in preventing elevation of serum and liver cholesterol levels, but liver cholesterol increased significantly when ADF-preparation was added to the diet. From these results, it seemed that hemicellulose fraction in NDF-preparation contributes to the hypocholesterolemic action.

Journal

  • Eiyo To Shokuryo

    Eiyo To Shokuryo 33 (5), 283-291, 1980

    JAPAN SOCIETY OF NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE

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