水噴霧加熱法によるフライ油の変質について (第5報)

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Studies on the Deterioration of Frying Oils in Continuous Water-spraying and Heating System. V.
  • ミズ フンム カネツホウ ニ ヨル フライユ ノ ヘンシツ ニ ツイテ 5 キハツセイ セイブン オヨビ ヘンシツユチュウ ノ ユウリ シボウサン ニ ツイテ
  • Condensable Volatile Decomposition Products and Free Fatty Acid in the Deteriorated Oils
  • 揮発性成分および変質油中の遊離脂肪酸について

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説明

Condensable volatile decomposition products and free fatty acid in the deteriorated oils were examined to know what kind of reaction may play the main part of deterioration during deep fat frying in the absence or the presence of air.<BR>Steam distillated materials from soybean oil under the continuous water-spraying and heating system with and without air blowing, were collected as shown in Fig.-1. Collections were continued during 014, 1428 and 2842 hr respectively. The quantities of acidic, carbonyl and alcoholic fractions of the volatile products at various intervals were determined, and the methyl ester of acidic fractions was gas chromatographed using succinate polyester column and each peak was identified by the tentative method (Fig-3, 6, Table-4, 5). The free fatty acid was isolated from the final deteriorated oils by means of ion-exchange resin and fractionated into monomer, dimer and secondary products by silica gel chromatography mentioned by Frankel et al., and the methyl ester of monomer acid was gas chromatographed (Table-2, 3, Fig.-2). Acid value, viscosity increasing ratio, carbonyl value and iodine value of the deteriorated oils were deteamined every 14 hr heating (Table-1).<BR>In the absence of air, free fatty acid in the final deteriorated oil was recovered with the yeald of 99.0% with ion-exchange resin and 93.5% of this acid fraction was monomeric. The composition of monomer acid was practically similar to the constituent acid of original soybean oil. Also, in the volatile products, acidic compound was main product and its composition was almostly similar to that of soybean oil. These results indicate that the free aftty acid increased in the deteriorated oil in the absence of air, was produced by the hydrolysis of triglyceride.<BR>In the presence of air, free fatty acid was removed 90.5% by ion-exchange resin and 82.3% of this acid fraction was monomeric. Acidic materials which cannot be removed by ion-exchange resin, was considered as that combined with glyceride. The composition of monomer acid was similar to that of soybean oil. These results indicate that, even in the case of presence of air, the free fatty acid increased in the deteriorated oil was produced mainly by hydrolysis. On the other hand, volatile products were the mixture of acidic, carbonyl and alcoholic compounds, and acidic compounds contained short chain fatty acids, dibasic and keto acids.

収録刊行物

  • 油化学

    油化学 16 (10), 545-550, 1967

    公益社団法人 日本油化学会

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