Rate of Liquid Crystal Formation in an Anionic Surfactant/Water/Fatty Acid Soil System and Contribution to Soil Removal

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  • アニオン界面活性剤/水/脂肪酸汚れ系の液晶形成速度と洗浄への寄与
  • アニオン カイメン カッセイザイ ミズ シボウサン ヨゴレケイ ノ エキショウ

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Abstract

Rate constants of state transition for fatty soil in a ternary system of surfactant (SDS) /water/fatty soil (palmitic acid : stearic acid=4 : 1) were determined by means of microcalorimetric measurements at different temperatures. They increased abruptly from about 35°C. Polarization microscopic observation clearly indicated liquid crystal formation in the ternary system on raising the temperature. Consequently, rate constants above 35°C may be regarded as those of liquid crystal formation. Rate constants of liquid crystal formation were independent of the SDS concentration, clearly indicating formation of liquid crystals even at a low concentration such as 0.4 % SDS. However, the extent of conversion of fatty soil to liquid crystals depends on the ratio of surfactant to fatty soil. In an actual washing process, liquid crystal formation which facilitates removal of the soil may possibly occur in a ternary system of detergent/water/fatty soil above a certain temperature, when the amount of detergent is sufficient.

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